Uyu munsi, iyo umuntu ashaka kumenya ikintu, kureba ahantu giherereye, kohereza ubutumwa kuri interineti cyangwa kureba amashusho, birashoboka ko akoresha kimwe mu bikoresho bya Google. Ariko se wigeze utekereza uko ikigo kimwe cyavuye ku mushinga w’abanyeshuri babiri kigahinduka ikigo gikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ku isi?

Inkuru ya Google ntitangirira mu nyubako nini, mu biro bihenze cyangwa mu ruganda rukora mudasobwa. Itangirira muri kaminuza, ku gitekerezo cyo gutuma abantu babona amakuru bashaka vuba kandi mu buryo bworoshye.

1. Byatangiriye ku banyeshuri babiri bashakaga kunoza uburyo bwo gushaka amakuru

Mu 1995, Larry Page na Sergey Brin bahuriye muri kaminuza ya Stanford muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Icyo gihe, interineti yari igenda yaguka, ariko kubona amakuru yizewe mu mbuga nyinshi byari bikigoye.

Mu 1996, batangiye umushinga witwaga “Backrub”, wari ugamije gusuzuma imiterere y’imbuga n’amasano yazihuzaga. Bakoze uburyo bwo gupima akamaro k’urubuga barebye n’izindi mbuga zarwerekezagaho.

Ubu buryo bwagize uruhare mu ikoranabuhanga ryaje kumenyekana nka “PageRank”, rifasha Google gutondeka ibisubizo by’ishakisha.

Nyuma, umushinga wahindutse Google. Izina ryayo ryakomotse ku ijambo “googol”, risobanura umubare wa 1 ukurikiwe na zero 100. Ryatoranyijwe kugira ngo rigaragaze igitekerezo cyo gutunganya amakuru menshi cyane aboneka ku isi. 

2. Mu 1998, Google iba ikigo nyakuri

Mu 1998, Google yashyize ku mugaragaro ibikorwa byayo nk’ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga. Mu ntangiriro, yakoreraga mu cyumba cyo muri kaminuza, nyuma yimukira mu igaraje ryari irya Susan Wojcicki i Menlo Park muri California.

Umwe mu bashoramari ba mbere, Andy Bechtolsheim, yashoye amadolari 100.000 muri uyu mushinga, bituma Page na Brin babona ubushobozi bwo kuwagura.

Muri icyo gihe, Google yari ikiri nto ugereranyije n’uko tumenya uyu munsi. Ariko yari ifite intego isobanutse: gutuma amakuru yo kuri interineti aboneka kandi akagera ku bantu bayakeneye mu buryo bworoshye.

3. Google ntiyakuriye ku gushakisha amakuru gusa

Uko umubare w’abakoresha interineti wagendaga wiyongera, Google na yo yatangiye gushaka uburyo bwo guteza imbere ibikorwa byayo no kubona amafaranga ayifasha gukomeza kwaguka.

Mu 2000, yatangije uburyo bwo kwamamaza ku rubuga rw’ishakisha, bwaje guhinduka igice gikomeye cy’ubucuruzi bwayo.

Uburyo bwari bworoshye: ibigo n’abacuruzi bashoboraga kwishyura kugira ngo amatangazo yabo agaragare ku bantu bashakisha amagambo ajyanye n’ibyo bagurisha.

Ibi byahaye Google uburyo bwo gukomeza gutanga serivisi nyinshi ku bantu ku buntu, mu gihe yamamarizaga ibigo bishaka kubona abakiriya.

Kugeza n’uyu munsi, kwamamaza bikomeje kuba imwe mu nkingi zikomeye z’amafaranga Google yinjiza.

4. Gmail, Maps na YouTube byagura ibyo Google ishobora gukora

Google ntiyashatse kuguma ku rubuga rwo gushakisha amakuru gusa.

Mu 2004, yashyize ahagaragara Gmail, serivisi yo kohereza no kwakira ubutumwa kuri interineti. Yaje gukundwa kubera ubushobozi bwo gushakisha ubutumwa no kubika amakuru menshi.

Mu 2005, Google Maps yatangiye gufasha abantu kubona amakarita, ahantu n’inzira zo kugera ku byo bashaka. Byatumye ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya ahantu n’ingendo ryorohereza abantu benshi.

Mu 2006, Google yaguze YouTube, urubuga rwo kureba no gusangiza amashusho rwari rumaze gukundwa. Uko igihe cyagiye gihita, YouTube yahindutse ahantu abantu barebera imyidagaduro, bigiramo, basangiza ubumenyi kandi bakorera amafaranga binyuze mu bikorwa byo gukora amashusho.

Izi mpinduka zagaragaje ko Google itashakaga gusa gufasha abantu kubona amakuru, ahubwo yashakaga no kubafasha kuyashyikirana, kuyakoresha no kuyasangira. 

5. Android na Chrome byagura aho Google igera

Mu 2005, Google yaguze Android, umushinga wari ugamije guteza imbere sisiteme ikoresha telefoni zigendanwa. Nyuma, Android yahindutse imwe muri sisiteme zikoreshwa cyane kuri telefoni zo mu bwoko butandukanye.

Ibi byafashije Google kugera ku bantu batari gukoresha mudasobwa gusa, ahubwo bakaba bashobora gukoresha serivisi zayo kuri telefoni zabo.

Mu 2008, Google yashyize ahagaragara Chrome, porogaramu yo gufungura imbuga, igamije gutuma interineti ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse kandi bworoshye.

Nyuma yaho, izindi serivisi nka Google Drive, Photos na Play Store zakomeje kwagura ibikorwa byayo. Uyu munsi, umuntu ashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya Google mu kwiga, gukora akazi, kubika inyandiko, kureba amashusho no gucunga amakuru.

6. Google yahindutse igice cy’ikigo kinini cyitwa Alphabet

Mu 2015, Google yakoze impinduka zikomeye mu miterere y’ikigo cyayo, hashyirwaho Alphabet nk’ikigo gikuru kigenzura Google n’indi mishinga itandukanye.

Ibi byatumye Google ikomeza kwibanda ku bikorwa byayo by’ingenzi, birimo gushakisha amakuru, kwamamaza, Android, YouTube, Chrome na serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, mu gihe indi mishinga yashoboraga gucungwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko Google na Alphabet atari amazina abiri y’ikigo kimwe mu buryo bumwe: Alphabet ni cyo kigo gikuru, naho Google ni cyo gice kinini mu bikorwa byacyo. 

7. AI iri gufungurira Google izindi nzira

Mu myaka ya vuba, ubwenge buhangano (AI) bwabaye kimwe mu bice Google ishyiramo ubushakashatsi n’ishoramari byinshi.

AI igenda yinjizwa mu bikoresho byo gushakisha amakuru, mu gufasha abantu kwandika, gusobanura inyandiko, gukora amashusho no gukorana n’amakuru menshi.

Umuryango w’ibikoresho bya Gemini ni rumwe mu rugero rw’ubu bushobozi. Google kandi ikoresha AI mu bindi bikorwa, birimo serivisi z’ubucuruzi n’ububiko bw’amakuru ku mbuga zayo.

Ibi bigaragaza ko Google ikomeje guhinduka: kuva ku gufasha abantu kubona amakuru, igana no ku kubafasha kuyasobanukirwa no kuyakoresha mu mirimo itandukanye. Ariko AI ishobora no gukora amakosa, bityo ibisubizo byayo bikaba bikwiye kugenzurwa.

8. Nubwo yateye imbere, Google ifite n’imbogamizi

Kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kuganirwaho ni ibanga ry’amakuru. Serivisi nyinshi za Google zishobora gukusanya cyangwa kubika amakuru bitewe n’uburyo abantu bazikoresha n’amahitamo yabo. Ibi bituma kurinda amakuru no kumenya ibyo umuntu yemereye urubuga biba ingenzi.

Hari n’impaka ku ipiganwa, kuko Google ifite uruhare rukomeye mu gushakisha amakuru no kwamamaza kuri interineti. Inzego zishinzwe ipiganwa mu bihugu bitandukanye zagiye zigenzura uburyo ikigo gihuza serivisi zacyo n’uko ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bandi bahatanira isoko.

Ikindi ni uko uko Google ikomeza kwagura AI n’ibindi bikoresho, ikenera mudasobwa zikomeye n’ibigo bibika amakuru, bisaba amashanyarazi, amazi n’ishoramari rinini.

Ibi byose bigaragaza ko n’ikigo gikomeye nk’iki kigomba guhora gishaka uko cyarinda amakuru, kigakora ibicuruzwa byiza kandi kigahangana n’impinduka z’ikoranabuhanga.

Google idusigira irihe somo?

Kuva ku mushinga w’abanyeshuri babiri muri kaminuza kugeza ku kigo gifite serivisi zikoreshwa n’abantu benshi ku isi, amateka ya Google agaragaza uko igitekerezo gishobora gukura iyo gikemura ikibazo abantu bafite.

Larry Page na Sergey Brin ntibatangiriye ku gukora ibintu byose Google ikora uyu munsi. Batangiye bashaka uburyo bwiza bwo gushakisha amakuru. Nyuma, ikigo gikura, gitangiza izindi serivisi, kigura izindi kompanyi kandi gihindura uburyo abantu bakoresha ikoranabuhanga.

Ni yo mpamvu Google idakwiye kwibukwa nk’urubuga rwo gushakisha amakuru gusa. Ni urugero rw’ikigo cyahinduye igitekerezo kimwe kiba urusobe rw’ibikoresho bikora ibintu byinshi.

Ariko amateka yayo anerekana ko gukura bidahagarika ibibazo: uko ikigo kigira imbaraga nyinshi ku isoko, ni ko kigomba kurushaho kwita ku ibanga, ipiganwa, umutekano n’ingaruka z’ikoranabuhanga gikoresha.