Osama bin Laden, umuyobozi w’umutwe w’iterabwoba al-Qaeda, yabaye umwe mu bantu bagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mateka y’isi muri iki kinyejana. Nubwo yari afite inkomoko mu muryango ukize wo muri Suwudi Arabiya, ibikorwa bye byahinduye ibintu ku rwego rw’isi. Ibihe byagiye birangwa n’impaka zikomeye ku buryo bin Laden yashoboye kugera ku ntego ze, no ku buryo yabashije kugirana umubano n’ibihugu bikomeye mu burengerazuba, harimo n’Amerika.

Mu gihe abantu benshi bakundaga kumuvuga nk’ikirangirire cy’ubugome, hari abavuga ko ibyo yakoze byose byari mu rwego rwo guharanira amahoro ya kislamu. Ibi byose byatumye igicumbi cy'ibibazo kiza ku mubano hagati ya bin Laden n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba, cyane cyane ku birebana n'ubufatanye bwakozwe mu bihe byashize.

Ubuzima n’inkomoko ya Osama bin Laden

Osama bin Laden yavukiye mu muryango ukize, mu mwaka wa 1957, mu gihugu cya Sawudi Arabiya. Yari umwana wa Mohamed bin Laden, umugabo w'umucuruzi w'umunyemari w'umunya-Sawudi, akaba yarashinze ibikorwa bikomeye mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu gihugu. N’ubwo yari umwana w’umutware, imibanire ye n’umuryango yaje guhinduka ubwo yabonaga ibibazo mu rukundo n’imiryango, bityo bikamugira umuntu utifuza kubaho nk’abandi bana b’umutware.

Ubwo yigaga mu mashuri yisumbuye, bin Laden yari umuntu w’umuhanga wigaga cyane kandi ugira ibitekerezo byihariye. Ariko, mu myaka ye y’ubukure, yaje gufata umuhanda utandukanye n’uwo umuryango we wifuzaga, afata icyemezo cyo kujya muri politiki ya Islamu kandi atangira kwimenyereza mu bintu byose by’ubutwari muri politiki.

Uburyo Bin Laden yinjiye mu mpindura matwara: Igihe cya 1970 na 1980

Igihe bin Laden yari mu mwaka wa 18, intambara ya Afghanistan yabaye igikorwa gikomeye mu buzima bwe. Mu 1979, ingabo za Soviyeti zifatanyije n’abategetsi b’Afurika y'Epfo basatiriye Afghanistan, maze bin Laden ahita ajya i Peshawar muri Pakistan kugira ngo afashe abari bashyigikiye kwirukana ingabo za Soviyeti.

Bin Laden yari afite ibitekerezo byimbitse ku buryo intambara y’Abasoviyeti mu karere yahungabanyije amahoro y’Isi. Mu buryo bw’ubufatanye, yagiye ashyigikira umutwe w’abarwanya ubukoloni bwa Soviyeti, ariko ahurira n’abandi bantu benshi barimo abakozi b’ibihugu by’Uburengerazuba, barimo na Amerika. Ibi byatumye bin Laden azamura ubwiyunge hagati y’abaturage ba Islamu, yongeramo imbaraga zo kubaho mu isi imwe, ikurikiza amategeko ya Shariya.

Al-Qaeda: Gushinga umutwe w’iterabwoba

Mu mwaka wa 1988, bin Laden yashyizeho al-Qaeda, umuryango w’iterabwoba ugamije gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa demokarasi no guhindura isi mu buryo bukurikiza amategeko y’idini rya Islamu. Al-Qaeda yatangiye ibikorwa by’ubutasi no gukora ibitero ku rwego rw’isi yose, ifite intego yo kubuza igihugu cyose kugira politiki idahuje n’imigenzo ya kislamu.

Nubwo iyi ntambwe yateje uruhurirane rw’ibibazo, bin Laden yagumye ku ntego y’uko al-Qaeda yagomba kurwanya ubukoloni bw’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba ndetse no guharanira ko amahoro y’Imana arengera ku isi. Mu myaka mike, al-Qaeda yakomeje gukwirakwiza ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byagiye bituma habaho gutoteza abatuye ibihugu byo ku mugabane w’Uburayi na Amerika.

Bin Laden n’ubufatanye bw’ibivugwa n’Amarika (CIA)

Imyaka y’ubufatanye hagati ya bin Laden na Amerika mu rwego rwo kwirukana abategetsi ba Soviyeti mu karere k’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba ntabwo byashidikanywaho cyane mu gihe cya kera. Nyuma y’aho, hari ibivugwa ko bin Laden yakoreshejwe nk’umufatanyabikorwa w’ibikorwa by’ubutasi mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ababarizwa mu bihugu byahozeho ubukoloni bw’abazungu.

Nubwo hari inkuru zivuga ko bin Laden yakoranye n’ishami rya CIA (Ikigo cy’ubutasi cya America), ubushakashatsi bw’umwihariko buracyashidikanywaho hagati y’iyo mvugo no kuba nta gihamya gifatika kibivuga. Hari benshi bashimangira ko bin Laden yakoranye n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba nyuma yaho akajya akurikirana ibikorwa bye bwite byo kugirira nabi Amerika.

Uruhare rwa Osama bin Laden mu bitero bya Nzeli 11, 2001

Mu mwaka wa 2001, bin Laden yatangaje ko ari we wayoboye ibitero byagabwe ku nyubako za World Trade Center n’Ikigo cya Pentagon mu Mujyi wa Washington, D.C. Ibyo bitero byahinduye amateka y’isi mu buryo bukomeye. Icyo gihe bin Laden yahise atangaza ko ibyo yakoze ari igikorwa cyo kwihorera no kurwanya ingaruka za politiki ya Amerika ku bihugu by’iburasirazuba bw’Isi, ku buryo igihugu cya Amerika gisubijwe ku murongo wa politiki wa kislamu.

Gushakisha Osama bin Laden n’iherezo rye

Nyuma y’ibyo bitero, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yatangije urugamba rw’isi yose rwo gushakisha no gufata Osama bin Laden. Umuryango we wateye inkunga igikorwa cyo guhishura aho yari yihishe muri Pakistan, aho yamenyekanye ko yari afite umutekano muke mu buryo bwose. Mu 2011, nyuma y’imyaka 10 y’igikorwa cyo kumushakisha, abasirikare ba Amerika basanze bin Laden mu nzu yo mu mujyi wa Abbottabad mu gihugu cya Pakistan, maze baramwica.

Urugendo rwa bin Laden rwagize ingaruka zidasanzwe ku buzima bw’Isi. N’ubwo yapfuye, ibikorwa bye byatangije impinduka mu buryo bw’amategeko, ubukungu n’imibanire y’amahanga. Ubu, al-Qaeda ikiri mu bahangayikishije abatuye isi, n’ubwo bamwe bavuga ko bin Laden yabaye icyorezo gikomeye mu myaka ye, abandi bavuga ko ibyo yakoze byafashe umwanya w’amahoro arambye.